Which structure provides support around the outer boundary of plant, bacteria, and some fungal cells?

The cell wall is a rigid outer boundary that provides structure and support to plant cells, bacterial cells, and some fungal cells. It is primarily composed of polysaccharides, with cellulose being the main component in plant cell walls, while chitin is found in fungal cell walls. In bacteria, the cell wall contains peptidoglycan, which helps maintain cell shape and protects against osmotic pressure.

The cell wall allows for turgor pressure to build up within the cell, providing rigidity and helping plants maintain their shape. It also serves as a protective barrier against environmental factors, pathogens, and physical damage. Unlike the cell membrane, which is flexible and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, the cell wall is a more permanent structure that contributes to the overall architecture and stability of the organism.