Which of the following terms refers to the genetic makeup of an individual?

The term referring to the genetic makeup of an individual is "genotype." This term encompasses the specific set of genes that an individual carries, determining various biological characteristics and potential traits. A genotype can be expressed or remain hidden based on environmental factors and gene interactions, playing a crucial role in the study of genetics and heredity.

To provide some additional context, "phenotype" refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an individual that result from the interaction between the genotype and the environment. This means that while the genotype is the underlying genetic framework, the phenotype is what actually manifests as physical traits. "Trait" generally denotes a specific characteristic or feature that can be observed, which is often the result of the genotype. Lastly, an "allele" is a variant form of a gene that can exist in multiple forms and influences the genotype but is not synonymous with the overall genetic makeup of an individual.