Which disorder results from inadequate insulin production or ineffective use of insulin?

The disorder that results from inadequate insulin production or ineffective use of insulin is diabetes. Specifically, diabetes encompasses several conditions, particularly Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. In Type 1 diabetes, there is little to no insulin made by the pancreas due to an autoimmune response that destroys insulin-producing cells. In Type 2 diabetes, the body becomes resistant to insulin, or the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin to maintain normal glucose levels.

Inadequate insulin action leads to an inability of cells to uptake glucose, which can cause elevated blood sugar levels, ultimately resulting in various health complications if not managed appropriately. This clear link between insulin production and action directly relates diabetes to the discussed conditions.

Other conditions listed, such as hypertension, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia, relate to different mechanisms and factors. Hypertension is related to blood pressure regulation and is not specifically connected to insulin. Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar, which can occur in diabetic patients due to insulin misuse but does not encompass the lack of insulin production itself. Hyperglycemia, on the other hand, is a state of high blood sugar often a result of inadequate insulin but is not a disorder itself like diabetes is.