What is the name of the part of an enzyme where the substrate fits?

The part of an enzyme where the substrate fits is known as the active site. This is a specific region on the enzyme that has a unique shape and chemical environment, allowing it to specifically bind to the substrate, which is the reactant upon which the enzyme acts. The active site facilitates the conversion of the substrate into products through various biochemical reactions, typically involving the lowering of activation energy, making the reaction proceed more efficiently.

The specific structure of the active site is crucial; it is often complementary in shape to the substrate, enabling a precise fit. This specificity is a key factor in enzyme function, as it ensures that enzymes catalyze only particular biochemical reactions, thereby contributing to the regulation of metabolic pathways within the cell. Understanding the role of the active site is fundamental in biochemistry and enzyme kinetics, making this concept essential for anyone studying biomedical laboratory practices.