What is the name of the tRNA region that consists of three bases complementary to an mRNA codon?

The tRNA region known as the anticodon is crucial in the process of translation, where proteins are synthesized based on the information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). The anticodon consists of three nucleotides that are complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA strand, allowing for the correct incorporation of amino acids during protein synthesis. This base pairing ensures that the genetic code is accurately translated, leading to the formation of proteins that are essential for cellular functions.

In this process, the mRNA is read in sets of three nucleotides called codons, each of which corresponds to a specific amino acid. The tRNA has an anticodon that matches these codons, enabling it to deliver the appropriate amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain. This complementary interaction is vital for maintaining the fidelity of protein synthesis.

The other terms listed do not describe this specific function. Codons are part of the mRNA, exons are the coding regions of genes that remain in the mRNA after splicing, and introns are non-coding regions that are removed during splicing. Thus, the relationship between the anticodon and the codon on the mRNA is what defines the tRNA's role in translation.