What are organisms that contain DNA from another organism and produce new proteins encoded on the acquired DNA called?

The correct answer is that organisms containing DNA from another organism and producing new proteins encoded on the acquired DNA are recognized as transgenic organisms.

Transgenic organisms are created through the process of genetic engineering, where specific genes from one organism are introduced into the genome of another organism. This genetic modification enables these organisms to express new traits or produce proteins that they would not naturally produce. For example, transgenic plants may be engineered to be resistant to pests or have enhanced nutritional value, and transgenic animals can be created for research purposes or to produce valuable pharmaceuticals.

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is a broader category that includes any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques, which may or may not involve introducing foreign DNA. However, it does not emphasize the explicit introduction of DNA from another organism as directly as the term transgenic does.

Hybrid organisms typically refer to offspring produced from the crossbreeding of two different species or varieties. Cloned organisms are genetically identical copies derived from a single parent organism and do not involve the new introduction of DNA from another source. Thus, while GMOs is related, the precise term that highlights the acquisition of DNA from another organism is transgenic organisms.