What are mutagens?

Mutagens are defined as chemical or physical agents that can cause changes or mutations in the DNA sequence. These alterations can result in various genetic changes that may affect how genes function, potentially leading to issues like cancer or genetic disorders.

Examples of mutagens include certain chemicals like benzene, physical agents such as ultraviolet light and ionizing radiation, and biological factors, including viruses. These agents can interact with DNA in various ways, such as by altering the chemical structure of the DNA bases or causing breaks in the DNA strands.

Understanding the nature of mutagens is crucial in fields such as genetics, molecular biology, and medicine, as it helps in recognizing environmental factors that could contribute to genetic diseases and developing strategies to mitigate their effects.