Cystic fibrosis primarily affects which two systems in the body?

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that predominantly impacts the respiratory and digestive systems. It is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, which leads to the production of thick and sticky mucus.

In the respiratory system, this thick mucus obstructs the airways, making it difficult to breathe and creating an environment conducive to bacterial infections. Individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience chronic respiratory problems, including persistent cough, wheezing, and frequent lung infections.

In the digestive system, the thickened mucus can block the pancreatic ducts, preventing enzymes needed for digesting food from reaching the intestines. This can lead to malabsorption of nutrients, causing difficulty in maintaining a healthy weight and growth. Patients may also experience gastrointestinal issues such as constipation and poor digestion.

Thus, the impact of cystic fibrosis on both the respiratory and digestive systems is significant, making it the correct response.